卡莱尔 英国 History of Carlisle

History of Carlisle

The foundations of Carlisle were laid at much the same as Hadrian’s Wall at the very edge of the Roman Empire.

That was to continue until the 5^th century when the Romans finally withdrew from Britain.

Some 800 years later Carlisle was to cement her reputation as “the border city” as the threat of the Scots increased stonewalls were built around the city.

They were mildly effective, as from 1135 to 1154 Carlisle fell into the hands of the Scots, before the English again seized it back.

In 1297 the English repelled William Wallace, a feat they were to repeat 18 years later when Robert the Bruce attempted to seize Carlisle.

Despite the union of England and Scotland some 30 years earlier – effectively ending the territorial battle, Carlisle was to get caught in conflict in 1745.

It was during petender to the throne Bonnie Prince Charlie’s attempts to reestablish an absolute monarchy and his forces managed to capture Carlisle, holding the city for six weeks before surrendering to the Duke of Cumberland.

Peace was to return although the town remained largely military.

The city’s importance as a fortress town was only to end with the coming of the industrial age.

The foundation of textile mills brought with it such a rapid growth in population due to urban drift housing shortages were common throughout the 19^th century.

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